Modern History

Modern Indian History — comprehensive, exam-ready UPSC notes in syllabus sequence.

  1. Read This First — How UPSC Tests Modern History & How to Crack It
  2. Why the Mughal Empire Declined (1707–1761): Causes Explained
  3. The Later Mughals: Emperors After Aurangzeb (1707–1857)
  4. The Successor States: Hyderabad, Bengal & Awadh (18th Century)
  5. Mysore under Haidar Ali & Tipu Sultan: the Tiger of Mysore, Army Modernisation, Reforms and the Fall of Srirangapatnam (18th Century)
  6. The Marathas: Rise and Fall of the Maratha Power (1707-1818)
  7. Rajputs, Jats, Sikhs & Travancore: 18th-Century Regional States
  8. The Coming of the Europeans to India: Portuguese, Dutch, English, French & Danish (1498-1664)
  9. The Carnatic Wars: The Anglo-French Struggle for Supremacy (1746-1763)
  10. The Conquest of Bengal: The Battles of Plassey & Buxar, the Diwani and the Dual Government (1757-1765)
  11. The Four Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767-1799): Haidar Ali, Tipu Sultan, the Treaties of Madras, Mangalore & Seringapatam, and the Fall of Srirangapatnam
  12. The Three Anglo-Maratha Wars & the Fall of the Marathas (1775-1818): Salbai, the Subsidiary Alliance, Bassein and the End of the Peshwa
  13. The Annexation of Sindh & Punjab: The Anglo-Sikh Wars (1843-1849)
  14. Frontier Wars & the Annexation of Awadh: Nepal, Burma, Afghanistan (1814–1856)
  15. British Government & Economic Policy in India, 1757–1857: The Regulating & Charter Acts
  16. The Economic Impact of British Rule: Drain of Wealth, Land-Revenue Systems, Deindustrialisation, Railways & Famines (1757-1857)
  17. British Administrative Organisation: Civil Service, Army, Police & Courts
  18. British Social & Cultural Policy: Reform & the Rise of English Education
  19. Social & Cultural Awakening: Ram Mohan Roy & the 19th-Century Reform Movements
  20. The Revolt of 1857: Causes & Outbreak — Economic, Political, Social-Religious & Military Grievances and the Spark
  21. The Revolt of 1857: Storm Centres, Leaders, Suppression & Significance
  22. Administrative Changes After 1858: The Crown Takeover & the Councils
  23. Reorganising the Raj After 1858: Army, Services, Princely States & Divide-and-Rule
  24. The Rise of Indian Nationalism & the Foundation of the Congress (1885): Factors, A.O. Hume, the Moderates & the Safety-Valve Myth
  25. Militant Nationalism, the Partition of Bengal & the Swadeshi Movement (1905-1911): Curzon, Lal-Bal-Pal, Boycott & Swaraj
  26. Revolutionary Nationalism, the Ghadar Movement, the First World War & the Home Rule Leagues (1907-1918)
  27. The Gandhian Mass Era Begins: Champaran, Jallianwala Bagh & the Khilafat-Non-Cooperation Movement (1917-1922)
  28. From Non-Cooperation to Civil Disobedience (1922-1935): Swaraj Party, Bhagat Singh, the Salt March, Purna Swaraj & the Poona Pact
  29. The Final Phase (1937-1947): Provincial Ministries, Quit India, Subhas Bose & the INA, and the Road to Independence & Partition
  30. Peasant, Tribal & Working-Class Movements: Birsa Munda's Ulgulan, the Indigo Revolt, Bardoli, the Kisan Sabha & the Left
  31. Constitutional Development under the British (1773-1935): The Regulating Act to the Government of India Act, All in One Place
  32. Religious & Social Reform Movements (Part 2): Arya Samaj, Vivekananda, Aligarh, the Self-Respect Movement & Ambedkar